Chapter category: BioMaterials
Testing of Biomaterials Modified with Bioactive Molecules: A Case Study
Biomaterials in the Design and Reliability of Medical Devices
Edited by: Michael N. HelmusISBN: 0-306-47690-8
» Get more information about this book at landesbioscience.com «
Chapter authors:
Katherine S. Tweden
The majority of medical devices available today are manufactured of relatively inert materials to discourage aggressive biological responses. It has become clear in the last decade or more that the success of traditional materials in many medical devices is unsatisfactory. Specifically, the recipients of state-of-the-art mechanical heart valves still require life long anticoagulation therapy,17 small diameter (< 6 mm ID) synthetic vascular prostheses fail due to thrombosis or intimal hyperplasia,2 biosensors work only temporarily because of biofouling, and hip prostheses and dental implants loosen with time because of poor interaction with the surrounding tissue.11 However, the economic and legal hurdles to developing new materials are overwhelming for most companies especially in the face of supplier giants such as DuPont pulling out of the field for long term implantation such well studied materials as Dacron® polyester and Teflon®. These problems have led medical researchers to concentrate their efforts on improving existing materials using surface modification. Ideally, the inherent physical properties of the material are not changed by the modification process.
Additional chapters from this book:
Testing of Biomaterials Modified with Bioactive Molecules: A Case Study
Katherine S. Tweden
The majority of medical devices available today are manufactured of relatively inert materials to discourage aggressive biological responses. It has become clear in the last decade or more that the ...
Testing of Biomaterials Modified with Bioactive Molecules: A Case Study
Katherine S. Tweden
The majority of medical devices available today are manufactured of relatively inert materials to discourage aggressive biological responses. It has become clear in the last decade or more that the ...
Tissue Engineering Constructs and Commercialization
Kelvin G.M. Brockbank
Tissue engineering is an interdisciplinary field that applies the principles of engineering (materials science and biomedical engineering) and the life sciences (biochemistry, genetics, cell and mol...
Product Development in a Small Company Environment
Roger W. Snyder
A small company, particularly a start-up operation, is an exciting, and often stressful, environment. If the company has a limited number of products, all under development, there is always pressure...
Failure Analysis: Learning for the Future from the Past
Michael N. Helmus
One of the most important tasks a medical device manufacturer can make is to have a detailed methodology in place for explant analysis. The ability to examine the device for both adverse biological ...
Nonclinical Medical Device Testing
Sharon J. Northup
The goal of nonclinical evaluation is to obtain data from in vitro or in vivo studies that will support the safety and efficacy of a medical device. Medical devices are defined as “...any instrument...
Regulation of Medical Devices
Barry Sall
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulates all medical devices sold in the United States. As depicted in Figure 3.1, there are a variety of possible paths that a medical device manufactur...
Standards and Guidelines for Biocompatibility of Medical Devices
Sharon J. Northup
Strategic management—the formulation, implementation and achievement of objec tives—is essential to establishing the biocompatibility of a new medical device. The harmonization of global requirement...
Overview and Introduction:Unique Aspects of Biomaterials in the Safety and Efficacy of Medical Implant Devices
Michael N. Helmus
Biomaterials include a broad range of materials that must meet stringent and diverse requirements to be acceptable for use in the body and to meet the needs of specific devices. Biomaterials can be ...
