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Chapter category: Cancer Genetics

Renal Carcinoma

This chapter appears in the following book:

Translocations in Solid Tumors

Edited by: Colin Cooper
ISBN: 1-58706-033-7
» Get more information about this book at landesbioscience.com «

Chapter authors:
Colin S. Cooper and Janet M. Shipley


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Renal neoplasms account for 3% of adult malignancies with approximately 27,000 cases and more than 10,000 deaths in the US each year.1 In children renal tumors, predominantly Wilm's tumor, account for 8% of cancers. Many different categories of benign and malignant tumor are now distinguished based on histopathological appearance. In addition to Wilm's tumor and mesoblastic nepthroma in children, papillary and nonpapillary renal cell carcinomas, chromophobe tumors, renal oncocytoma and collecting duct tumors are recognized in adults. Although considerable attention has been directed towards understanding the molecular mechanisms of development of these cancers, to date only a handful of the genes involved in the development of this group of diseases have been identified. This chapter is not intended to represent a comprehensive review of this work but instead will focus on the description of translocations found predominantly within a subgroup of papillary renal tumors. The discovery of these recurrent translocations in renal carcinomas may be considered of particular importance because the majority of chromosomal translocations previously documented at the molecular level have been found in sarcomas and leukemias. The only other examples of recurrent translocation found in human carcinoma are the recurrent translocations involving the RET and TRK genes found in papillary thyroid cancer (see Chapter 10). Isolated cases of translocations have, however, been characterized in other carcinoma types. For example, the fusions involving the TPC and HPR genes found in the LNCaP prostate cancer cell line2 and fusions involving the tropomyosin and TRK gene found in a colorectal carcinoma cell line.3 To place the work on renal carcinoma translocations in context, related areas will briefly be considered. For more detailed reviews of Wilm's tumor the reader should consult references 4 and 5.

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