Chapter category: Viruses
Chemokine Expression and Granulocyte Recruitment in Response to Acute Pneumovirus Infection in vivo
Chemokines in Viral Infections
Edited by: Surendran MahalingamISBN: 0-306-48234-7
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Chapter authors:
Helene F. Rosenburg and Joseph B. Domachowske
The use of appropriate infectious agents in mice to mimic viral infection in man is essential to the understanding of human disease. In this Chapter, we focus on our recent findings on the inflammatory responses to respiratory virus infection using a novel model to study diseases caused by pneumoviruses. The group of pathogens collectively known as pneumoviruses are members of the family Paramyxoviridae, subfamily pneumovirinae (see Chapter 6). Briefly, they are enveloped viruses with negative sense, non-segmented single-stranded RNA genomes, each encoding ~10-12 open reading frames.1 The best characterized of this group is respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), a human pneumovirus pathogen that is a common cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in pediatric populations and among the institutionalized elderly2,3 (also described in Chapters 6 and 7). Despite advances in prophylaxis,4,5 there are no specific therapies available to treat this infection. The limited efficacy of anti-viral approaches, such as ribavirin6 together with the similar limited effectiveness of systemic anti-inflammatory therapies7,8 suggest that RSV-mediated respiratory disease may include independent virus-mediated and proinflammatory pathophysiologic components.
Helene F. Rosenburg
Joseph B. Domachowske
Additional chapters from this book:
Herpesvirus Encoded Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors
Thomas N. Kledal
Herpesviruses and poxviruses have pirated components of the host chemokine system and optimized these proteins to increase their success during infection. Both the beta-herpesviruses, e.g., human cyto...
The Chemokines: What Are They and What Do They Do?
Shaun R. McColl
Whole body coverage by leukocytes is a critical feature of immunity. Various leukocyte populations flow through the peripheral blood, and depending on whether they encounter appropriate signals, they ...
Soluble Chemokine Binding Proteins Encoded by Viruses
Vincent P. Smith, Neil A. Bryant and Antonio Alcami
Chemokines are chemoattractant cytokines that regulate trafficking and effector functions of leukocytes, and play a key role in inflammation and host defence against invading pathogens.1,2 ...
Approaches to Viral Vaccine Development Involving Chemokine Receptors and Their Ligands, with Special Reference to Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1
Gordon Ada
There are currently registered vaccines against 22 infectious agents pathogenic for humans and candidate vaccine preparations against 18 other infectious agents have undergone phase II clinical tr...
CX3C Chemokine Mimicry by Respiratory Syncytial Virus G Glycoprotein
Ralph A. Tripp
Chemokines are small disulphide-linked polypeptides that act as potent chemoattractants for many cell types including lymphocytes, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils and NK cells. As described in c...
A Role for Chemokine Activity in Alphavirus Pathogenesis: Evidence from the Analysis of Polyarthritis and Myalgia Post Ross River Virus Infection
Brett A. Lidbury and Surendran Mahalingam
Ross River virus (RRV) is an \"Old World\" alphavirus of the Semliki Forest group1 and the etiological agent of the most common arthropodborne viral disease in Australia. RRV has a positive...
Chemokine Expression and Granulocyte Recruitment in Response to Acute Pneumovirus Infection in vivo
Helene F. Rosenburg and Joseph B. Domachowske
The use of appropriate infectious agents in mice to mimic viral infection in man is essential to the understanding of human disease. In this Chapter, we focus on our recent findings on the inflammato...
