Chapter category: Oncology
Antitumoral Effects of Lipids A, Clinical Studies
Lipid A in Cancer Therapy
Edited by: Jean-François JeanninISBN: TBA
» Get more information about this book at landesbioscience.com «
Chapter authors:
Marc Bardou and Daniéle Reisser
Cancer remains the second leading cause of death, after cardiovascular diseases, in industrialized countries. The first goal to achieve is to prevent cancer occurrence or to diagnose it at an early and curable stage. Some screening strategies have been developed, with controversies across countries, for several cancer type; colorectal, breasts or prostate cancer for example. Treatment of cancer is generally based on surgery and radiotherapy for localized and attainable tumors, associated, in some cases, with adjuvant chemotherapy. Chemotherapy can also be used as first line treatment for disseminated diseases. The formulation of therapeutic strategies to enhance immune‑mediated tumor destruction is a central goal of cancer immunology. Substantive progress toward delineating the mechanisms involved in innate and adaptive tumor immunity has improved the prospects for crafting efficacious treatments LPS and their active component lipid A, have been used in tumor therapy since the 19th century. Studies in animal models have shown promising results on different models of cancer but data from human trial are scarce. The published phase‑I cancer studies have shown that lipid A analogues are usually well tolerated, most of the side effects being likely related to immune response, i.e., fever, chills and rigor. The administration of several lipids A analogues was shown to result in a significant increase in circulating levels of several cytokines but no objective antitumor responses were observed. Therefore clinical activity of such molecules deserves further experiments, likely in conjunction with chemotherapy.
Marc Bardou
Clinical Pharmacology Unit & Laboratory of Cardiovascular Experimental Physiology and Pharmacology and Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes
Daniéle Reisser
Cancer Immunotherapy Research Laboratory, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes
Additional chapters from this book:
Conformation and Supramolecular Structure of Lipid A
Klaus Brandenburg and Ulrich Seydel
In recent years, lipid A as ‘endotoxic principle’ of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and derivatives thereof have become increasingly important in the field of biomedical application such as fo...
Interactions between Lipid A and Serum Proteins
Jörg Andrä, Thomas Gutsmann, Mareike Müller and Andra B. Schromm
Entry of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or lipid A) into the blood stream is causative for the emergence of sepsis and septic shock with all its pathophysiological consequences.1 Serum contains a...
The Lipid A Receptor
Kiyoshi Takeda
The lipid A receptor consists of several subunits. Lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) is a serum protein facilitating association of lipid A with CD14. The Lipid A-LBP-CD14 complex is further de...
Lipid A in Cancer Therapies Preclinical Results
Daniéle Reisser
Studies in animal models showed that the antitumoral effect of LPS and of their biologically active moiety, lipid A, is indirect and relies on the induction of an immune response both innate and speci...
Monophosphoryl Lipid A (MPL) as an Adjuvant for Anti‑Cancer Vaccines: Clinical Results
Christopher W. Cluff
A variety of vaccines designed for cancer immunotherapy have been tested in clinical trials for more than two decades. Investigators realized early on that addition of adjuvants to cancer vaccines wou...
Antitumoral Effects of Lipids A, Clinical Studies
Marc Bardou and Daniéle Reisser
Cancer remains the second leading cause of death, after cardiovascular diseases, in industrialized countries. The first goal to achieve is to prevent cancer occurrence or to diagnose it at an early an...
Lipid A-Mediated Tolerance and Cancer Therapy
Cheryl E. Rockwell, David. C. Morrison and Nilofer Qureshi
The occurrence of tolerance or host unresponsiveness in animals and humans administered multiple doses of microbe or microbial products has long been recognized by scientists and physicians with publi...
Lipid A Receptor TLR4‑Mediated Signaling Pathways
Masahiro Yamamoto and Shizuo Akira
Lipid A is a strong activator of monocytes to release immune stimulators such as proinflammatory cytokines. Overproduction of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF and IL‑6 is known to cause septic...
Structure and Synthesis of Lipid A
Shoichi Kusumoto, Masahito Hashimoto and Kazuyoshi Kawahara
Lipid A is the lipophilic partial structure of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which is a characteristic and essential component of the cell surface architecture of Gram negative bacteria. LPS con...
