Chapter category: Heat Shock Proteins
Heat Stress Proteins: A Possible Route to Myocardial Protection
Heat Shock Proteins in Myocardial Protection
Edited by: Rakesh C. KukrejaISBN: 1-58706-021-3
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Chapter authors:
Mohamed Amrani, Caroline C. Gray and Magdi H. Yacoub
Heat stress proteins (hsp) are induced by a variety of stimuli including elevated temperature,1 ischemia,2 hypoxia,3 pressure overload4 and some chemicals. They help to maintain the metabolic and structural integrity of the cell, as a protective response to external stresses.5 They are known to protect the myocardium from the damaging effects of ischemia and reperfusion.6 The heat stress response results in accumulation of heat stress proteins,elevated catalase activity7 and preservation of high energy phosphates.8 The beneficial effects associated with these metabolic changes include improved endothelial and mechanical recovery of the ischemic heart.9 In addition, increased antioxidant capacity,10 lower incidence of dysrhthymias11 and reduction in infarct size.12 It has also been shown that critical amounts of hsp70 are necessary to ensure protection of the myocardium.13 However, questions remain regarding the biochemical mechanisms underlying this protective effect. Alterations in the cell metabolism and chaperone function5 of cells expressing heat shock proteins are thought to be responsible.
Despite the obvious clinical benefits related to the heat stress response in a clinical setting, the application of this phenomena remains limited. Heat, both quantitatively and qualitatively, is one of the best inducers of heat stress proteins. However, the effects of heat stress are non-specific and intracellular damage is a common occurrence. The search for alternative stimuli, particularly within the fields of pharmacotherapy or genetic manipulation, may offer more viable options, if the heat stress response is to take its place as an established strategy for myocardial protection.
Additional chapters from this book:
Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury and Heat Shock Proteins
Junichiro Nishizawa and Kazuhiro Nagata
Ischemic heart disease or myocardial infarction remains the most prevalent cause of death in developed countries despite advances in modern medicine. Recent advances in diagnosis and treatment...
Physiological Role of Heat Shock Protein 27
Dipak K. Das and Nilanjana Maulik
Heat shock protein 27 (Hsp27) is a stress–inducible cytosolic protein that is ubiquitously present in many normal cells. The synthesis of Hsp27 is induced by heat shock and other envir...
Stress Proteins in Myocardial Protection: Culture Shock Protein, Heme Oxygenase–1 (Hsp32), Induced by Sublethal Stresses Protects the Heart Against Oxidative Stress
Shiro Hoshida
The formation of a stress protein comprises a mechanism of cell protection highly conserved in evolution. As the induction of stress proteins makes cells more tolerant towards a second, mor...
Antisense, Heat Shock Proteins and the Heart
A. A. Knowlton
Antisense technology provides a tool with which to dissect the components of the stress response. There are two known endogenous sets of protective proteins, the heat shock proteins (Hsps) and...
Preconditioning of Cardiac Myocytes: Studies Using Cultured Neonatal
Jan A. Post, Chris T.W.M. Schneijdenberg and Arie J. Verkleij
The acquisition of tolerance towards myocardial ischemia and reperfusion can be acquired by several preconditioning procedures. The original preconditioning protocol described for myocardia...
Hsp72 in the Regulation of TNF–a Production:
Xianzhong Meng
Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion induces the production of the cardiac depressant cytokine tumor necrosis factor–a (TNF–a). Macrophages (M
Hsp70 and Ischemia Tolerance in the Compromised Heart Ger J. van der Vusse
Luc H.E.H. Snoeckx, Richard N.M. Cornelussen, Robert S. Reneman and
The discovery in eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms of a prompt and specific response to heat shock, known as the heat shock response, has stimulated the development of a complete new res...
Role of Heat Shock Proteins, Protein Kinase C and ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channel in Delayed Myocardial Protection
Rakesh C. Kukreja, Yong-Zhen Qian and Jeffery B. Hoag
Heat shock proteins (Hsp's) are one of the highly conserved proteins in existence, found in every organism.1 These proteins are synthesized quickly and intensely in response to stre...
Cardioprotection by Stress Proteins
Heat Shock Proteins in Myocardial Protection, edited by Rakesh C. Kukreja
Myocardial ischemia causes a series of changes at the intracellular level within the cardiomyocyte. These intracellular changes include changes in calcium levels, altered osmotic control, memb...
Heat Stress Proteins: A Possible Route to Myocardial Protection
Mohamed Amrani, Caroline C. Gray and Magdi H. Yacoub
Heat stress proteins (hsp) are induced by a variety of stimuli including elevated temperature,1 ischemia,2 hypoxia,3 pressure overload4 and some ...
Stress Proteins in Myocardial Protection
Richard Carroll and Derek M. Yellon
In all organisms examined heat stress results in the synthesis of a specific group of proteins known as the heat shock or stress proteins (Hsps). Cells that accumulate these proteins adapt ...
