Chapter category: Development
Epithelial-Mesenchymal Interactions in Gastrointestinal Development
Molecular Basis of Epithelial Appendage Morphogenesis
Edited by: Cheng-Ming ChuongISBN: 1-57059-490-2
» Get more information about this book at landesbioscience.com «
Chapter authors:
Drucilla J. Roberts
The epithelial-mesenchymal interaction (EM) is a critical mechanism employed during embryogenesis. The signaling between these two different tissues is required to form the functional unit of the systems in which it is used. The gastrointestinal tract (gut) is dependent on EM interactions for its development and differentiation. The gut is a valuable model system to study EM interactions. The gut requires EM interactions from its initial organogenesis throughout the adult life of the organism. EM interactions are critical in the formation of gross pattern along the anterior-posterior (AP) axis, and local pattern along the crypt-villous (CV) axis. Many aspects of the development and pattern of the gastrointestinal tract are conserved among divergent animal species, suggesting a shared pathway of organogenesis. These similarities will be discussed herein and include:
- initial developmental events in gut organogenesis;
- the morphology of the gut;
- molecular controls of these aspects of gut development and function.
The gut is an early evolutionary innovation. The primitive tubular organism developed a tube within a tube, thus enjoying the remarkable ability to store and digest nutrients. The utility of an internalized digestive system relieved the organism of developmental constraints on body size and allowed for the ability to evolve other differentiated structures and systems. By forming an entry and exit to this system, the gut produced a patterned body plan with an anterior and posterior axis.
Additional chapters from this book:
Systematic Approach to Evaluation of Mouse Mutations with Cutaneous Appendage Defects
John P. Sundberg, Xavier Montagutelli and Dawnalyn Boggess
The inbred laboratory mouse has long been the species of choice for biomedical research including genetics based studies. In the past decade tremendous advances in molecular biology and gene m...
Molecular Biology of Anhydrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia
Juha Kere
Historically, the phenotype of anhydrotic ectodermal dysplasia (EDA) has stimulated con-siderable interest among investigators. A famous early description of the disorder was written by C...
Current Methods in the Study of Avian Skin Appendages
Ting-Xin Jiang, N. Susan Stott, Randall B. Widelitz and Cheng-Ming Chuong
Chicken skin development is an excellent model to study the mechanisms of morphogen-esis. It has a long experimental history and has been well characterized morphologically. Chicken skin offer...
Periodic Pattern Formation of the Feathers
Han-Sung Jung, Cheng-Ming Chuong
A major question in embryonic development is how cells and tissues become precisely arranged to make up the body plan. It is best to study this process in an organ with well defined morphol...
Epithelial Morphogenesis: A Physico-Evolutionary Interpretation
Stuart A. Newman
The molding of living tissues that occurs during development, regeneration, wound heal-ing, and various pathological processes is referred to as morphogenesis. During morphogenetic events t...
Late Events and the Regulation of Keratinocyte Differentiation in Hair and Feather Follicles
George E. Rogers, Stephanie Dunn and Barry Powell
The late events of keratinocyte differentiation discussed here are mainly those that occur in the hair follicle. The reason for this emphasis is that more is known about the keratinization ...
Topobiology of the Hair Follicle: Adhesion Molecules as Morphoregulatory Signals During Hair Follicle Morphogenesis
Sven Müller-Röver and Ralf Paus
One fundamental question in hair follicle (HF) development is: How can a tiny cluster of seemingly uniform epithelial cells, which associates with a small cluster of apparently homogeneous ...
Signaling Loops in the Reciprocal Epithelial-Mesenchymal Interactions of Mammalian Tooth Development
Yi-Ping Chen and Richard Maas
Organogenesis is a complex process that results from sequential and reciprocal cell and tissue interactions. Tooth development, which shares similarities with the development of other embry...
Early Molecular Events in Feather Morphogenesis: Induction and Dermal Condensation
Randall B. Widelitz and Cheng-Ming Chuong
Embryogenesis is composed of a series of inductive events that change the fate of respond-ing tissues. Through induction, new tissues and organs are generated. In the beginning of embryogen...
Lung Epithelial Morphogenesis: Integrated Functions of Transcriptional Factors, Peptide Growth Factors, Extracellular Matrix, Physiological and Environmental Factors
David Warburton, Guillermo Flores-Delgado, Ding Bu, Kathryn D. Anderson and Richard E. Olver
The mammalian lung has the largest surface area of any epithelial appendage in the hu-man body. Its intricate vaulted structure could indeed be considered a veritable "biological cathedral"...
Endodermal Appendage Formation: Morphogenetic Mapping of Dorso-Ventral Patterning of the Anterior Foregut and Development of Lung and Thyroid Primordia
Parviz Minoo, Shioko Kimura and Robert deLemos
The endodermal cells of the gut serve as progenitors for the origin of many diverse tissues including pancreas, liver, thyroid and the lung. The primordium of each tissue is thought to emer...
Epithelial-Mesenchymal Interactions in Gastrointestinal Development
Drucilla J. Roberts
The epithelial-mesenchymal interaction (EM) is a critical mechanism employed during embryogenesis. The signaling between these two different tissues is required to form the functional unit ...
The Teeth as Models for Studies on the Molecular Basis of the Development and Evolution of Organs
Irma Thesleff and Johanna Pispa
Teeth develop from stomodeal or pharyngeal epithelium and the underlying neural crest-derived mesenchymal cells in a way very similar to skin derivatives such as hair, feathers and scales (...
Development of Melanocytes from Neural Crest Progenitors
Laure Lecoin, Ronit Lahav, Elisabeth Dupin and Nicole Le Douarin
The pigmented cells of the body, the melanocytes, have long been a favored cell type for studies of the genetic and epigenetic factors involved in cell differentiation, partly because pigme...
Growth of the Hair Follicle: A Cycling and Regenerating Biological System
Kurt Stenn, Satish Parimoo and Stephen M. Prouty
Hair growth involves the unique phenomenon of cyclic regeneration: This structure forms, regresses, and regrows over a recurring period. After a brief description of cycling and regeneratio...
Principles of Hair Follicle Morphogenesis
Michael Philpott and Ralf
The hair follicle is the most prominent cutaneous mini-organ and one of the defining features of mammalian species. Only mammals display hair follicles, although not every mammalian s...
Feather Morphogenesis: A Model of the Formation of Epithelial Appendages
Cheng-Ming Chuong and Randall B. Widelitz
Among the skin appendages, feathers certainly have the most elaborate structures and are richly patterned. Feathers distinguish the bird from other vertebrate classes and provide the birds wit...
Variations of Cutaneous Appendages: Regional Specification and Cross-Species Signals
Danielle Dhouailly, Fabrice Prin, Benoit Kanzler and Jean P. Viallet
In amniotes, the skin is well equipped with cutaneous appendages whose morphological type and distribution show specific regional variations. In birds, the integument can give rise to two type...
Why Study Hair Follicles? A Personal Account
Margaret Hardy Fallding
I have had a long research career centered around hair follicles. I enjoyed it tremendously and so have some of my mentors and peers. Why do we do this? In this brief autobiographical comme...
Ectodermal Dysplasia:A Synthesis Between Evolutionary, Developmental, and Molecular Biology and Human Clinical Genetics
Harold C. Slavkin, Lillian Shum and Glen H. Nuckolls
In 1875 Charles Darwin reported a fascinating set of phenotypes associated with the "tooth-less men of sind", members of a Hindu kindred which resides in the vicinity of Hyderabad in India....
Morphogenesis of Epithelial Appendages: Variations on Top of a Common Theme and Implications in Regeneration
Cheng-Ming Chuong
Epithelial appendages are derivatives of the epithelial sheet. They add structural and func-tional complexities to the otherwise flat epithelia (Fig. 1). Epithelial appendages can be catego...
