Cell Cycle
Chapters
« previous | page 2 of 2 pagesRole of RB/E2F in G1 Phase Progression
Amy S. Yee and Jean Y. J. Wang
The progression from G1 to S phase requires the de novo expression of genes that en code proteins and enzymes involved in DNA replication. Regulation of these S-phase genes is, therefore, an important component of the biological program during G1 progression. The coordinated regulation of S-pha...
Roles of Cyclin Kinase Inhibitors in G1 Phase Progression
Angela L. Tyner and Andrei L. Gartel
Cell cycle progression is tightly controlled by cyclin/Cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) complexes. Two families of cyclin kinase inhibitors have been identified based on their structures and affinities for cyclin/CDK complexes. Members of the INK 4 (Inhibitors of CDK 4) family bind and inhibit CD...
Signal Transduction Pathways: Cytokine Model
J. A. McCubrey, William L. Blalock, Fumin Chang,
Growth factors (GF) initiate and maintain transition through G1 to S phase. GF-dependence ends with phosphorylation of Rb by cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), enabling cells to pass through the restriction (R) point and to complete the remaining phases of the cell cycle. Cyclin D-dependen...
Small Molecule Inhibitors of Cyclin-Dependent Kinases
Geoffrey I. Shapiro
Cyclin-dependent kinases (cdks) are core components of the cell cycle machinery. Orderly transition between cell cycle phases requires the scheduled activity of the cdks, governed in part by their associations with cyclins and cdk inhibitors, as well as by their state of phosphorylation. In ma...
Structural Aspects of CDK Activation
Nick R. Brown and Jane A. Endicott
Sequential activation of members of the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) family orders the events required for DNA replication and cell division. Both the CDK and cyclin families have multiple members that selectively bind to preferred partners to generate complexes that drive...
The Evolution of CDK-Activating Kinases
Ji Liu, Edward T. Kipreos
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are essential regulators of the cell cycle and transcription. In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the fission yeast Saccharomyces pombe, a single CDK (Cdc28p or its ortholog Cdc2, respectively...
The Regulation of p53 Growth Suppression
Ronit Vogt Sionov, Igal Louria Hayon, Ygal Haupt
The p53 tumor suppressor protein plays a pivotal role in the cellular response to stress. A variety of stress signals trigger accumulation and activation of p53 to halt the cell cycle and to prevent replication of damaged DNA. The p53 protein is required for a proper G1 arrest, it is essential...
The Restriction Point of the Cell Cycle
Mikhail V. Blagosklonny and Arthur B. Pardee
TGrowth factors (GF) initiate and maintain transition through G1 to S phase. GF-dependence ends with phosphorylation of Rb by cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), enabling cells to pass through the restriction (R) point and to complete the remaining phases of the cell cycle. Cyclin D-depende...
The Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in G1 Phase Progression
Cristina Martinez Muñoz and Jan Andries Post
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced during pathological conditions by phago- cytes. The function of these produced ROS is to kill microbes and neoplastic cells. At first sight it seems unlikely that ROS would play a role on cell cycle progression. However, nonphagocytic cells also genera...
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