Circadian Rhythms
Chapters
Algae: The Microbial Clockwork Green
Carl Hirschie Johnson
Eukaryotic algae have long served as model systems for analyses of circadian (daily) rhythms of rhythmic gene expression, cell division timing, taxes, photosynthesis, and other phe- nomena. Many of the fundamental properties of circadian clocks at the cellular level were first elucidated in alg...
Algae: The Microbial Clockwork Green
Carl Hirschie Johnson
Eukaryotic algae have long served as model systems for analyses of circadian (daily) rhythms of rhythmic gene expression, cell division timing, taxes, photosynthesis, and other phenomena. Many of the fundamental properties of circadian clocks at the cellular level were first elucidated in algae. ...
Biochemistry and Circadian Regulation of Output from the Gonyaulax Clock: Are There Many Clocks or Simply Many Hands?
Nasha Nassoury, J. Woodland Hastings and David Morse
The unicellular dinoflagellate Gonyaulax exhibits numerous circadian-controlled processes, many of which are amenable to study and biochemical analysis. Their peaks (acrophases) fall roughly into three classes. Bioluminescence flashing and the abundance of proteins involved in bioluminescence are...
Circadian Organization in the Algal Flagellate Euglena
Leland N. Edmunds
The temporal organization of Euglena gracilis Klebs (strain Z) has been studied extensively over the past 40 years (reviewed in Refs. 1-5). This algal flagellate can be grown on a variety of defined media, either photoautotrophically in the presence of CO2 and vitamins B1 and B12, or organotrophi...
Circadian Rhythms in Neurospora crassa: Beyond the frq Gene
Patricia L Lakin-Thomas
The frq/wc transcription/translation feedback loop is often assumed to be at the core of the molecular mechanism generating circadian rhythmicity in Neurospora crassa. This chapter reviews the evidence that the frq/wc feedback loop is insufficient to explain the complexity of rhythmicity in Neuro...
Clock Gene Antisense RNA and Circadian Timing in Neurospora crassa
Susan K. Crosthwaite and Cas Kramer
Eukaryotes regulate gene expression by a variety of mechanisms at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional level. An interesting form of control, which has not been intensively studied, is the effect of antisense RNA. In the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa the frequency (frq) locus ...
Clock Gene Antisense RNA and Circadian Timing in Neurospora crassa
Susan K. Crosthwaite and Cas Kramer
Eukaryotes regulate gene expression by a variety of mechanisms at both the transcrip- tional and post-transcriptional level. An interesting form of control, which has not been intensively studied, is the effect of antisense RNA. In the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa the frequency (frq) lo...
Diverse Outputs Regulated by the Neurospora Circadian Clock
Alejandro Correa, Zachary Lewis, Andrew Greene, Michael Vitalini, Louis Morgan, Kyung Suk Seo and Deborah Bell-Pedersen
A complete understanding of the circadian system requires a detailed description of the genes that are regulated by the clock, along with the mechanisms by which circadian oscillators signal time information to regulate the output pathways. Research in Neurospora crassa pioneered the isolation of...
PAS Proteins and the Neurospora Crassa Circadian Clock
Christian Heintzen
A number of proteins with known or predicted roles in the Neurospora circadian clock work share a common structural domain, named PAS domain after the founding mem bers PER-ARNT-SIM. PAS domains have been identified in all major phyla and are present within signalling proteins that help to transd...
PAS Proteins and the Neurospora Crassa Circadian Clock
Christian Heintzen
A number of proteins with known or predicted roles in the Neurospora circadian clock work share a common structural domain, named PAS domain after the founding mem bers PER-ARNT-SIM. PAS domains have been identified in all major phyla and are present within signalling proteins that help to trans...
Posttranscriptional Regulations of the Neurospora Circadian Clock
Yi Liu, Yuhong Yang and Qun He
Posttranscriptional and posttranslational regulations are critical in the control of circadian clocks. In Neurospora, three key components of the circadian clock, the FRQ, WC-1, and WC-2 proteins, are phosphorylated, and the phosphorylation events appear to be critical for their functions in c...
Posttranscriptional Regulations of the Neurospora Circadian Clock
Yi Liu, Yuhong Yang and Qun He
Posttranscriptional and posttranslational regulations are critical in the control of circadian clocks. In Neurospora, three key components of the circadian clock, the FRQ, WC-1, and WC-2 proteins, are phosphorylated, and the phosphorylation events appear to be critical for their functions in circ...
The Mechanism of the Gonyaulax (Lingulodinium) Circadian Clock: Interpreting the Inputs
Nasha Nassoury, David Morse and J. Woodland Hastings
The several bioluminescence rhythms have been widely used to characterize the response to various stimuli of the Gonyaulax circadian clock. In particular, Gonyaulax responds to changes in light intensity with a phase response curve (PRC). The magnitude and sign of the phase shifts depend on th...
